KMID : 1189320180120020317
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Asian Spine Journal 2018 Volume.12 No. 2 p.317 ~ p.324
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Evaluation of Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Using T1¥ñ and T2 Magnetic Resonance Imaging in a Rabbit Disc Injury Model
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Ishikawa Tetsuhiro
Watanabe Atsuya Kamoda Hiroto Miyagi Masayuki Inoue Gen Takahashi Kazuhisa Ohtori Seiji
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Abstract
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Study Design: An in vivo histologic and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study of lumbar intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration was conducted.
Purpose: To clarify the sensitivity and efficacy of T1¥ñ/T2 mapping for IVD degeneration, the correlation between T1¥ñ/T2 mapping and degenerative grades and histological findings in the lumbar IVD were investigated.
Overview of Literature; The early signs of IVD degeneration are proteoglycan loss, dehydration, and collagen degradation. Recently, several quantitative MRI techniques have been developed; T2 mapping can be used to evaluate hydration and collagen fiber integrity within cartilaginous tissue, and T1¥ñ mapping can be used to evaluate hydration and proteoglycan content.
Methods: Using New Zealand White rabbits, annular punctures of the IVD were made 10 times at L2/3, 5 times at L3/4, and one time at L4/5 using an 18-gauge needle (n=6) or a 21-gauge needle (n=6). At 4 and 8 weeks post-surgery, MRI was performed including T1¥ñ and T2 mapping. The degree of IVD degeneration was macroscopically assessed using the Thompson grading system. All specimens were cut for hematoxylin and eosin, safranin-O, and toluidine blue staining.
Results: Disc degeneration became more severe as the number of punctures increased and when the larger needle was used. T1¥ñ and T2 values were significantly different between grade 1 and grade 3 IVDs, grade 1 and grade 4 IVDs, grade 2 and grade 3 IVDs, and grade 2 and grade 4 IVDs (p<0.05). There was a significant difference between grade 1 and grade 2 IVDs only in terms of T1¥ñ values (p<0.05).
Conclusions: T1¥ñ and T2 quantitative MRI could detect these small differences. Our results suggest that T1¥ñ and T2 mapping are sensitive to degenerative changes of lumbar IVDs and that T1¥ñ mapping can be used as a clinical tool to identify early IVD degeneration.
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KEYWORD
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Intervertebral disc degeneration, Magnetic resonance imaging, Animal experiment, Histology
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